EFFECT OF PLANT BIOPSIES LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM VSG3 IMPROVES ON IMPROVE RESISTANCE OF FRESHWATER FISH TO DISEASES

EFFECT OF PLANT BIOPSIES LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM VSG3 IMPROVES ON IMPROVE RESISTANCE OF FRESHWATER FISH TO DISEASES

Elsayed A.M. Shokr¹ and Mohamed E.M.²

¹Fish Physiology Department, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

²Zoonotic Diseases Department, Veterinary Medicine College, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Abstract

In the present study, the immunological efficacy of cellular components from the potential probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3 was evaluated in Nile tilapia. Fresh water fish, Nile tilapia weighted average 100gm ±1gm were immunized intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL phosphate-buffer solution (PBS) containing Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3 at 10⁴, 10⁶, 10⁸ and 10¹⁰ Colony Forming Units (CFU)/mL were tested by intraperitoneal (i.p) injection. Nile tilapia were challenged 40 days after vaccination. Nile tilapia injected with 0.1 mL served as the control. The results revealed that administration of cellular components significantly increased the activity of serum lysozyme activity and phagocytosis, hematology, serum total protein and immunoglobin IgM after the experimental period. Serum glucose, lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, ALP, uric acid, urea and creatinine levels were significantly lower in experimental groups than in the control. The capacity of lymphocyte proliferation and macrophages phagocytosis were significantly increased in four treatment groups as compared with the PBS control group. The hematological, immunological IgM, Lysozyme activity and serum biochemical parameters were significantly increased in four treatment groups as compared with the control group. The number of erythrocytes was higher in Nile tilapia treated with Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3 than control groups. After challenge, total number of thrombocytes was higher in fish that received the greatest dose of vaccine. Total number of leukocytes and the number of lymphocytes showed the highest values in vaccinated Nile tilapia. Increased number of monocytes in vaccinated than saline-injected fish was observed. These results indicate that cellular components of probiotic bacteria can influence immune responses, enhance disease protection, and stimulate immune-related gene expression in Nile tilapia. So, the immunity and health of Nile tilapia treated with doses of Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3 at 10⁴, 10⁶, 10⁸ and 10¹⁰ Colony Forming Units (CFU)/mL were improved. Hence, these cellular components may be useful as adjuvants for vaccines in aquaculture.

Key words: Oreochromis niloticus, vaccination, Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3, Hematology, immunity, biochemical parameters.