EFFECT OF USING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COW MANURE AND SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING ON WATER QUALITY, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND TOTAL YIELD OF
COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO) IN RICE FIELDS
Hassan, A. Abdel-Rahman
Department of Fish Production and Aquaculture Systems, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research (CLAR)., Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt.
Received 14/5/ 2013
Accepted 11/6/ 2013
Abstract
Cow manure improved the water quality and promoted the growth rate of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
(20.40gm /fish) in rice fields. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of cow manure level and rate of artificial feeding on water parameters, the nutritive value, growth performance, fish productivity and economical efficiency reared in rice-fields. Therefore, two experiments were conducted, in the first experiment cow manure, at the rate of 150, 300 and 600 kg /fed/ month for period of 90 day enhanced the growth of common carp fingerlings of 20.49gm to 157.0 , 166.0 and 177.0 gm, respectively. In the second experiment another application of 600 kg /fed/ month of cow manure along with different rates of supplementary feeding (0.5, 1.5 and 3.0 % 0f body weight). Pelleted diet contained 25% crude protein. Feed was offered twice/day for five days/week further enhanced the growth of common carp fingerlings from 20.49g to196.0, 226.0 and 239.0 gm, respectively.
Results of the first experiment showed that; applying cow manure, fish body weight, body length, net gain, daily gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, condition factor and total yield. Also, cow manure level had significant effect on the chemical composition of the whole fish body and economic return.
Results of the second experiment showed that when 600 kg /fed /month of cow manure was applied along with different rates of supplementary feeding significant effect on the growth performance and total yield of common carp and the same trend was also observed for flesh, moister, protein, fat and ash contents in fish bodies and economic return. Also concentration of dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, total phosphorus, orthophosphate as well as phytoplankton and zooplankton were affected significantly in the first and second experiment. The feed conversion value , manure conversion ratio (S value) and water quality indicated that economical return that, feeding beyond 1.5% of the body along with the cow manure (600 kg /fed / month) was wasteful and lead to accumulation of the feed wastes and causes deterioration in water quality.
Key words: Cow manure, Fertilizer, Artificial feeding, Rice field, Common carp, Growth performance, Water quality, Plankton, Proximate analysis and Economic evaluation.
